A comparative study of Muga and Eri silkworms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.68716/IJAMSR.2026.1204Keywords:
Muga silkworm, Eri silkworm, non-mulberry silk, sericulture, sustainability, AssamAbstract
Muga and Eri silkworms are two key non-mulberry silks that have considerable commercial and cultural value within the sericulture sector of North-Eastern India, notably in Assam. The Muga silkworm (Antheraea assamensis) is semi-domesticated and reared outdoors on specific host plants such as Som (Persea bombycina) and Soalu (Litsea monopetala). In contrast, the Eri silkworm (Samia ricini) is domesticated and reared indoors, primarily feeding on castor (Ricinus communis). Muga silk is globally recognized for its natural golden luster, high tensile strength, and durability. In contrast, Eri silk is valued for its softness, thermal insulation, and eco-friendly “peace silk” production process. This review compares Muga and Eri silkworms in terms of biological classification, taxonomy, rearing practices, silk production, fiber composition, and quality attributes. It also critically discusses the ecological sustainability, climatic adaptability, socio-economic impact, and emerging applications of both silk types. By integrating traditional knowledge with recent scientific advancements, this review highlights the challenges and prospects of Muga and Eri sericulture. It emphasizes the need for sustainable strategies to enhance productivity and livelihood security in silk-producing regions.
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